# Table 1b: Panel Composition by Income Group

| Income Group | Countries (69) | Countries (140) | Added | CA obs (69) | CA obs (140) | Mean Z₁ (69) | Mean Z₁ (140) | Mean KAOPEN (69) | Mean KAOPEN (140) |
|:---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| High (>$30K) | 29 | 37 | 8 | 1,116 | 1,406 | 0.26 | 0.05 | 1.85 | 1.78 |
| Upper-middle ($10-30K) | 15 | 43 | 28 | 585 | 1,550 | -1.22 | -0.98 | 0.03 | 0.12 |
| Lower-middle ($3-10K) | 15 | 35 | 20 | 562 | 1,307 | -2.44 | -2.22 | -0.92 | -0.66 |
| Low (<$3K) | 9 | 23 | 14 | 351 | 865 | -3.01 | -2.83 | -0.56 | -0.88 |
| Unknown | 1 | 3 | 2 | 39 | 113 | -0.20 | -1.68 | — | 0.39 |